Membrane bioreactors offer a revolutionary approach to wastewater treatment, combining the efficiency of biological processes with the selectivity of membrane filtration. These systems harness immobilized microorganisms within a reactor vessel to effectively remove organic matter and nutrients from wastewater streams. Subsequently, high-performanc

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has emerged as a leading solution for wastewater treatment due to its optimal performance and versatility. MBR systems integrate biological treatment processes with membrane filtration, resulting in exceptionally purified effluent. This review delves into the fundamentals of MBR technology, encompassing various